Integrated SUSTAIN-SWMM-MCDM Approach for Optimal Selection of LID Practices in Urban Stormwater Systems

Abstract Rapid urbanization has increased impervious areas, leading to a higher flood hazard across cities worldwide. Low Impact Development (LID) practices have shown efficacy in reducing urban runoff; nevertheless, choosing the best combinations terms of implementation cost and performance is great importance. The present study introduces framework based on green infrastructure, multi-objective optimization, decision support tools determine most cost-effective LID solutions. Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) was employed for rainfall-runoff hydraulic modeling Region 1, District 11 Tehran, Iran. Six scenarios different were developed. system Urban Stormwater Treatment Analysis Integration (SUSTAIN) used optimize evaluate each scenario. selected solutions imported SWMM stormwater performance. Then, two multi criteria making (MCDM) models, including TOPSIS COPRAS, rank four technical economic criteria. Results showed that scenario 4, consisting rain barrels, porous pavements, vegetated swales, had under with 7.68 million USD reduced runoff volume peak flow by 20.77% 19.2%, respectively. However, Under COPRAS method, Scenario 2 combination bio-retention cells, swales than other 3.25 led 15% reduction 4.30% flow. method more sensitive weights chose economical as ideal. 4 concluded be feasible due spatial limitations area. proposed SWMM—SUSTAIN—MCDM could helpful decision-makers design, evaluation, estimation, selection optimal scenarios.